Clover, Balansa Information Sheet

Considerations for using Clover, Balansa in Illinois
Inoculation advised, check and use specified for this species.

Links to information on using Cover Crops in Illinois can be found at: https://midwestcovercrops.org/statesprovince/Illinois/

Location:
Illinois - All Counties Average
Cash Crop:
none
Plant Date:
none
Harvest Date:
none
Soil Drainage:
None
Artificial Drainage:
No
Flooding:
Default
Cover Crop Selected:
Clover, Balansa
Cover Crop Attribute #1:
Default
Cover Crop Attribute #2:
Default
Cover Crop Attribute #3:
Default
Use within the state:
Emerging
Drilled Seeding Depth:
1/4 - 1/2 inches
Drilled Seeding Rate:
5-8 lb./A PLS
Broadcast Seeding Rate:
6-10 lb./A PLS
Aerial Seeding Rate:
6-10 lb./A PLS
Seed Count:
500,000 Seeds/lb
Frost Seed:
No
Fly-free Date:
No
Inoculation Type:
crimson/berseem
Comments:
If participating in a cost share program, check for specific required planting dates and rates. If used for forage/grazing increasing seeding rate is recommended. Success of overseeding or aerial seeding after main crop maturity and before harvest is dependent on rainfall and although it can work well, it is usually less dependable than drilling or soil incorporation of seed. Do not save patented seed. When interseeding, time seeding to match appropriate crop growth/maturity. If planting in 15 or 30in rows, use the low end of the drilled seeding rate. If the system is organic, be careful to use an OMRI certified inoculum;
Termination Methods:
Tillage, Chemical, Roller Crimper
Comments:
Follow NRCS guidelines for cover crop termination dates for crop insurance. If terminating with only tillage, multiple passes often required. Mow of crimp during reproductive stage (full bloom). Roller crimping is the most difficult/variable termination method.
Legume Nitrogen Source:
Excellent
Total Nitrogen:
70-150 (Total N not N fertilizer replacement) lbs./A
Dry Matter:
1200-3000 lbs./A/year
Nitrogen Scavenger:
Fair
Soil Builder:
Very Good
Erosion Fighter:
Good
Weed Fighter:
Very Good
Good Grazing:
Excellent
Quick Growth:
Good
Lasting Residue:
Good
Mechanical Forage Harvest:
Excellent
Grain Seed Harvest:
Poor
Cash Crop Interseed:
Excellent
Comments:
Dry matter highly dependent on planting and termination date and precipitation. High variability between varieties. Balansa is very tolerant of grazing. It is very attractive to pollinator insects.
Scientific Name:
Trifolium michelianum Savi
Life Cycle:
Cool Season Annual
Growth Habit:
Upright
Preferred Soil pH:
5.4-8.3
Min. Germination Temp.:
48F
Heat Tolerance:
Good
Drought Tolerance:
Good
Shade Tolerance:
Good
Flood Tolerance:
Good
Low Fertility Tolerance:
Good
Winter Survival:
Expected
Comments:
Hard seed and produces seed in a short time. It also withstands saturated soils and brief flooding. Grows in a wide range of soil pHs. Modest growth in fall, exceptional spring growth.
Soil Impact - Subsoiler:
Good
Soil Impact - Frees P and K:
Good
Soil Impact - Loosens Topsoil:
Very Good
Soil Ecology - Nematodes:
Fair
Soil Ecology - Disease:
Good
Soil Ecology - Allelopathic:
Poor
Soil Ecology - Choke Weeds:
Very Good
Other - Attract Beneficials:
Very Good
Other - Bears Traffic:
Very Good
Other - Short Windows:
Fair
Comments:
Delayed Emergence:
Could be a minor problem
Increased Weed Potential:
Occasionally a minor problem
Increased Insects/Nematodes:
Could be a moderate problem
Increased Crop Diseases:
Could be a minor problem
Hinders Crops:
Rarely a problem
Establishment Challenges:
Occasionally a minor problem
Mature Incorporation Challenges:
Occasionally a minor problem
Comments Pro/Con:
Most nitrogen production at flowering.
Additional Information

Additional Information from Managing Cover Crops
Profitably, 3rd Edition, Edited by Andy Clark,
Sustainable Agriculture Network
See the complete reference here

Other Resources